sci fi reality……universal language 10 D hyperspace

 

10 D hyperspace

By Henryk Szubinski

EINSTEIN RINGS CAN FLOAT AROUND, THEY CAN BE TRANSPOSED ON GALACTIC CORES OR THEY CAN REPRESENT A DYING GALAXY BY A DARK MATTER VALUE AS A TYPE OF SCAVENGER IN THE UNIVERSE:

a connection to 10 D hyperspace would imply that the connections of two galactic events in space time can have specifics of the way to model the data on 3 D in the univverse simply by defining the data on the core references of galactic events can have the alternations of the effective way to see and use the universe in a multi faceted function defined as folding over the radials of a parameter that can alter the obtrusive functionings of the spacial reality in a true volumetrical read out of the caracteristics of space time by the implications of a off value radial division in to the real realm of the force fields around galaxies as the

x lim = radial divisions as categorised into their decimals

= B ,bit x values in the similarity of theese type decimals to the value in numerical values to the size of the universe itself .

Data is then reused to define the basics implied to define by link shareing of each specific contributed format of the data as the basics in gravity escape velocities and their effects on a 90 degree incrementation with the distance they are away from out own milky way as the whole number value of the derived decimal .

This then is the usage of a value inclusion into the data specifiers based on the observability of multi core levels in the core of a galaxy as being evenly distributted as a universal force = angle of 45 degrees with the inclusions of the user interface that can attribute specific forces and / or events to the catalogue of similar events and base a increased relationship on the data as a format for the usage of language in its human format as the basics of a section of the universe where the language of astrophysics can be sepetated from its translations as the language of thoose specific zones in the universe in a  language relatable to our own.

NGC 4314HST1998-21-b-full.jpg

A SUDDEN FORCE THA STOPS A OBJECT MOOVING ON AINCLINE DEFINED AS A BRANE GAP MUST DERIVE ITS FORCE FROM   a specific enet or interaction of events but the object appears on the other side of the branes and is suddenly accellerated again by a larger format of spacetime giving the object greater velocity and perhaps even so much momentum that it is slingshot througfh space time into the incline position where it was perviously located. The  event could be a format of multiples in division of a incline giving the spacetime continuiim a specific angle common to all objects in the universe as a melt into space time where a object cannot be the result of a input into the universe the process must be a conservation of energy or force by a continuiim of time that has decreased its decelleration by incline divisions or a type of dark matter.

showing that time x= declleration -a ( horizon 180 degrees)

sci fi reality….siuper sphere strings

 

super sphere strings

By Henryk Szubinski

as a force of 3 universes to illustrate the active interactions of 2 buffer universes the data on a string in its seperation of both ends of its waveform would come to rest at the 1/3 B universe values of a radial value also = 1/3 r

The string value is then easily computated by using a formulation of the specific that the string is isolated from influence in the 2 side super spheres ( or the zone of influence) by the active definitions of a string being = wavelength

=f. S

where f = frequency

data can then be collected on the effects of super symmetry where the opposition of supersymmetricality = the seperation off the surface of a super sphere as a point =1 singularity as basic as the total gravity values of a universes singular black holes. root .r

as suc h the inplications of using a format of condensed strings in a O2 ebnvironment would result in condensations of the specific values of the minimal unit usage by a device defined as the string connection to the universe which is a force that can amplify or use limitless amounts of force in connection to it by a type waveform a.i in communicative mans to define and clarify any data as connected by the events in the universe in a stable relationship with the tring laws that will define the involvance of

r 1/3 = anti gravity

sci fi reality……scan field motivator

 

the scan field motivator

By Henryk Szubinski

The joint quantum entropy generalizes the classical joint entropy to the context of quantum information theory. Intuitively, given two quantum states ρ and σ, represented as density operators that are subparts of a quantum system, the joint quantum entropy is a measure the total uncertainty or entropy of the joint system. It is written S(ρ,σ) or H(ρ,σ), depending on the notation being used for the von Neumann entropy. Like other entropies, the joint quantum entropy is measured in bits, i.e. the logarithm is taken in base 2.

In this article, we will use S(ρ,σ) for the joint quantum entropy.

 

 

 

WHAT DOES IT MEAN WHEN A POSITIONALITY of a robot predictive

=is reversed to define the basis

 of a sci fi situation where the basis of locating a processor=

 in mid height values of enthropy

as detected by a type cluster programme that is=

 in the float type interactions

with the primary = 1 level of input

 into a parameter of force circumstances=

 way ahead of the others

 by being the only indicator of the true enterance process of a a.i locator

=that can motivate the functionings of a warp drive artificial gravity

 anti matter and force field by the usage of a variance

= in predictive delays of its situation in a large field of data

and forces by the primary parameter localisations =

of a system waiting with no reward basis but the destiny type examples =

 

 

In information theory, for any classical random variable X, the classical Shannon entropy H(X) is a measure of how uncertain we are about the outcome of X. For example, if X is a probability distribution concentrated at one point, the outcome of X is certain and therefore its entropy H(X) = 0. At the other extreme, if X is the uniform probability distribution with n possible values, intuitively one would expect X is associated with the most uncertainty. Indeed such uniform probability distributions have maximum possible entropy H(X) = log2(n).

In quantum information theory, the notion of entropy is extended from probability distributions to quantum states, or density matrices. For a state ρ, the von Neumann entropy is defined by

- \operatorname{Tr} \rho \log \rho.

Applying the spectral theorem, or Borel functional calculus for infinite dimensional systems, we see that it generalizes the classical entropy. The physical meaning remains the same. A maximally mixed state, the quantum analog of the uniform probability distribution, has maximum von Neumann entropy. On the other hand, a pure state, or a rank one projection, will have zero von Neumann entropy. We write the von Neumann entropy S(ρ) (or sometimes H(ρ).

 

THIS TYPE OF EVENT CAN BE LOCATED DUE TO A BASIC SUPER STABILITY IN THE FIELD OF ACCESS OVER A SPECIFIC FORCE HORIZON AS A OPEN TYPE OF FORCE:that has all the characteristics of multi vector event but can be located due to a quantal value in it multiple vector values in the ventuality of a type tube into the half way inputs of a type

x. enthropy 10 D  = 1/2 F ( volume ) q

as a starter the usage of 10 dimensionality is a locative motivation fr the types of advancive formats in usage to locate a minimally altered time process both in the forwards direction as well as in the reversed time parameters of aminimally differenciative format for a usage to access force over the great divide which would qualify it for status = a greater generalisation of the functionings of a  force that can simplify the proceedures of a alternate vector into calculations of a vechicularity that has noone of the sideffects of wear decrepidation or advanced ageing of its systems:

 

 

of a starwars movie scene:

 

 

Cluster analysis or clustering is the assignment of a set of observations into subsets (called clusters) so that observations in the same cluster are similar in some sense. Clustering is a method of unsupervised learning, and a common technique for statistical data analysis used in many fields, including machine learning, data mining, pattern recognition, image analysis and bioinformatics.

Besides the term clustering, there are a number of terms with similar meanings, including automatic classification, numerical taxonomy, botryology and typological analysis.

In fuzzy clustering, each point has a degree of belonging to clusters, as in fuzzy logic, rather than belonging completely to just one cluster. Thus, points on the edge of a cluster, may be in the cluster to a lesser degree than points in the center of cluster. For each point x we have a coefficient giving the degree of being in the kth cluster uk(x). Usually, the sum of those coefficients for any given x is defined to be 1:

 \forall x \left(\sum_{k=1}^{\mathrm{num.}\ \mathrm{clusters}} u_k(x) \ =1\right).

With fuzzy c-means, the centroid of a cluster is the mean of all points, weighted by their degree of belonging to the cluster:

\mathrm{center}_k = {{\sum_x u_k(x)^m x} \over {\sum_x u_k(x)^m}}.

The degree of belonging is related to the inverse of the distance to the cluster center:

u_k(x) = {1 \over d(\mathrm{center}_k,x)},

then the coefficients are normalized and fuzzyfied with a real parameter m > 1 so that their sum is 1. So

u_k(x) = \frac{1}{\sum_j \left(\frac{d(\mathrm{center}_k,x)}{d(\mathrm{center}_j,x)}\right)^{2/(m-1)}}.

For m equal to 2, this is equivalent to normalising the coefficient linearly to make their sum 1. When m is close to 1, then cluster center closest to the point is given much more weight than the others, and the algorithm is similar to k-means.

The fuzzy c-means algorithm is very similar to the k-means algorithm:[4]

  • Choose a number of clusters.
  • Assign randomly to each point coefficients for being in the clusters.
  • Repeat until the algorithm has converged (that is, the coefficients’ change between two iterations is no more than \varepsilon, the given sensitivity threshold) :
    • Compute the centroid for each cluster, using the formula above.
    • For each point, compute its coefficients of being in the clusters, using the formula above.

The algorithm minimizes intra-cluster variance as well, but has the same problems as k-means, the minimum is a local minimum, and the results depend on the initial choice of weights. The expectation-maximization algorithm is a more statistically formalized method which includes some of these ideas: partial membership in classes. It has better convergence properties and is in general preferred to fuzzy-c-means.

ata courtesy of wikipedia

sci fi reality……alliance of liberals and democrats

FREEDOOM OF KNOWLEDGE 5TH LAW 5TH FRAMEWORK

alliance of liberals and democrats to the right and chordis general plan for the total freedoom of busines and / or knowledge based data:

as a type independancy of a inferrance of similar based E.U policies of introductions of E.U state levcels = 20 with Sweden and a format of stature of the stability of the governement policy to use the 20 on a age level of concent>18

as such any situation of the policy of familiy or group advise to the levels of a non requirement basis of a situation in which the individual is in a grown up age brakket and in a situatuion of non legal circumstances would define the situation as a non context for missinterpretations of a type complex of individuals in a state of contrary states such as Fullers catch 22

sci fi reality..basic CO2 cleaner system from..starwars ancient republic

the ancient republic STARWARS

ASTROPHYSICS generalisations:

A NEW TYPE OF NON SITUATION:THE EXIT FORMAT FROM eARTH

combining 20 with 45 states of republican units

By Henryk Szubinski

Chordis6 freedoom of knowledge basis in E.U 5th framework =

opposing a argument or saying no without any violence or any effect therein by saying no.

Basis of this can oppose most formats of approach  by the basics of a type 1 Jedi Mind trick:

the basis is : the ancient republic 62 of the Judean basis = the universal Republic of 62 states  “prior” and non “prior” to the Knowledge basis as a punishable format of relations:( chordis6 reversed policy)  implying that the civilisational copy formats of sumer are not needed and needs not involve the safety of a atrophysical danger of the earth by building pyramids.

File:Bachalpseeflowers.jpg

the greatest resource is earths beauty; the force of beauty is the motivating force of nature; the destiny of a world is the controll of events pertaining to the freedoom of knowledge:

A TYPE REBELLION:fallen into Love is the main motivation of a Jedi wether the catch 20 or 22= the midi count input as a format 5th law of a level of freedoom of knowledge:

the freedoom of knowledge is a data bank based on just that function: in the E.U state 20 involvancies the project at stage 22 will be the catch 22 situation of the freedoom of knowledge:

File:Coruscant skyline.jpg

what is a situation 22 in the fifth framwework of no basis of restriction in the E.U states of work or of knowledgability of its usage or of the resultance..

 the catch 22 situation in a business relation =to the premise of having to have a special evaluations access to a business meating where the boss has the access as a qualification of work requirements by the show of a pre invitational format for the worl qualification: this can be the work officer that has a special inclusion of the data access to boss intervju by a special value of influence as simply a ; response to the work officer = I have some prior knowledge or influence as concerns the employer from the employee….this makes the decisions process of a work situation much more a part of what the market requirements are….the type usage of a word document basis of contract cannot be reversed as legal in a court so that the inluence of the basis of a contract is not binding in law…this defines the premise of work employment by such influence a non legally binding contract and includes only the influence of a difficult situation of a previous value of a similar contract by shake of the hand also as a non binding legal contract as a type of agreement.

as a format of being declared as a positive is inclusive only of being employed in the work category: the non employment can also be defined as a basis of insanit; but not in the factual evidence of the format of the catch 22 situation in a inventorial of the definition in business theory as a type space pioneering format…as the descriptive of the emotional context of a dissapointed application for a work empolyement position and the opposite format of a satisfied worker as aquired the position in work status as higher, meaning most of the higfh level work positions have a singularisation of this effect the higher up one gets to the top of the business meaning that on the tiop the workers would have a closer work relationship wher a type basis of a non discriminant basis of similar worl employement qualifications disregardless of gender role because of the influence on a bussiness in its top fase of ownership can be any of the two; this then defines the process by which a vector in division of the 2 states = 1 and the basis of the top = 1

the basis of the eemotional context of the work role and the image in media as a format of the emotional context of people without such roles has a effect on the basis of a disapointment even in the situation where a worker has not applied to the position the crowd effect of the situation would also segregate the applications in the future by a basis of a non dissapointed applicant for the work position = to the segregations already at the stage of the pre employment situation:

the same values of a knowlegable law in such formats would imply that the basis is a known function that is continually described to define the role of economics in pre defined formats of a while at work format of a boss to be able to influence the whole work situation of a earth based media value by the controll of the workers into a state of delay as a effect on the basis of the neutrality being able to form the same basis of such a lwa on the basis of independance by the delay = the positional indications to a medial speculation that the position is used to ionput number value sequences as the level of difficulty of a no go situation as the general levels of a furised format of using the same kind of power = level x system that can sustain the same levels of a catch 22 situation by the usage of any worker who has advanced into a position where the context of work power is defined as a basis of non shareing..

implying that a coorporation has subdivisive coperations with sections of the business that can be simultaneously governed by the functionings of a back up high level worker that can take over in case of a situation where the basis of the influence is the same as the boss implying a basis of the same level of knowledgability of a contract of word so that the high level compromise or non compromise would be based on the polcy of international work cooperations based on the time system of a level of age by influence, which is the basis of why older is more experienced and the young and smart are usable for employment role figures.Overtakeing a coorporation would then not be threatened by foreign influences but be colser to a type of sure format of business either being in the family line or as a format policy of inshurance by worker power backup.

formats for a branch of work categorisations as a type of evolutive chord of connection to the system as the generalisations of a detail  GREATER DETAIL OF THE IMAGE OF A WORK SITUATION BY THE CONTINUED RELATIONS OF A SIMULTANEOUS KNOWLEDGABILITY BY THE CONTINUED WORK ON A CHORD SYSTEM AS ANSWERED BY A NON CONNECTIV VLAUE OF DATA ; THIS IS A TYPE OF a.i BUSINESS FORMAT WHERE THE CONCEPTS GENERATED ARE USED FOR A  computative business  enshurance of the same values of robots or computers being in the role of a descriptive value of invention by defining the work in process or in the event of the scientific delay for a deniability in the policy of the business;

File:COBE DMR Image.PNG

as type O2 problems in the continuiim of bio knowledge and the CO2 dangers of carbon based pencils and the ink characteristics of the paper wastes that contribute to the problems of burning the wastes:

paper burning is emitted into the eco sphere ,the wastes are recycled by the co system trees and vegetative matter but the CO2 cannot be neurtralised by the bio system of vegetational divisions of the earths complex breathing at the night side of a coller format.

Carbon attract = gravity in comiled values of weight.

the data on the force of formatted data on the same usage of a order of values that are using the same formats as the gravity state of a carbon effect in which the gravity is based on a escape value = STRING THEORY as the data on the carbon based involvance with a full free release format as the data on environements becomes the basis of the data on the same values of involvance by means of data and the usage of a level of medial coverage as the data in function to define the similarity of Carbon = CO2 as a binder of the Carbon formats where the critical Carbon based level > gravity .

USING A TYPE 1 format of a strophysical programme in the field of hybrid data formats of a similarity besed cooperative of the basis of a memory function of involvance as a ready format for response to any question on a situation where power cannot be answered by the declarations of worded contracts…

File:Pixel geometry 01 Pengo.jpg

sub pixels as vectors:

In digital imaging, a pixel (or picture element[1]) is a single point in a raster image. Pixels are normally arranged in a 2-dimensional grid, and are often represented using dots or squares. Each pixel is a sample of an original image, where more samples typically provide more-accurate representations of the original. The intensity of each pixel is variable. In color image systems, a color is typically represented by three or four component intensities such as red, green, and blue, or cyan, magenta, yellow, and black

the basis of using a format of O2 as a permeable format molecularity for a capture process of the data on similar basis O2 design formats =multiple chance rates as increased by system non personal contact and verticality of sci fi vechicles..

Type gravity core research of large astrophysical bodies and the definitions of similarity = x ( non functionality) on basis of 3 levels of reliance = F

using a type O2 . 1/2 of area coverage in compatability with O2 . 1/2 = to the area coverage of a O2 seperation from C by a similarity of 1/2 C = 0.5 O2

in atomic mass = rotation of the nano structure while the flow process is working.

where the 1/3 x = F has the basics of a maintained format

of a volume of data as being in the not here state by a computer programme that continuously works to define this .

the basis of the a.i =  THE RESPONSE OF A NON HAZZARD RESPONSE TO A NON INVOLVANCE BY A REMARK TO THE SITUATION AS A NON INVOLVANCE WITH PROBLEMS RESULTANT FROM SUCH INTERACTIONS:meaning that any amount of the data on the right side can be employed in the situation on the left side of the formulation

tHIS ALSO DEFINES THE USAGE OF A NON NEEDED RESPONSE TO QUESTIONS answered in a non effective format to the boss and that the values of a situation of a difficult situation would not cause a problem.

images courtesy of wikipedia and wookipedia respectively

sci fi reality………into astrophysics..

 

ASTROPHYSICS and anti inclines

By Henryk Szubinski

Chordis6 freedoom of knowledge basis in E.U 5th framework

the basis is a 6th law in the freedoom of knowledge as responsive to by a positive 6th law.

1)

 what happens when the formats of a fold = opposition of a planar simulated close parameter

2)

the string basis is refused in the computation = going down wards from a tail basis and then continuiing into the process forwards

3)

the stop basis of a full value closure of specifics needed for flight of a car = the basics in their modulative type  avoidance of a basic buffer in the vector directioning

The audial signal values of a process where the previous involvances are as such only to maintain the signal audiality as survivable by means of what a earth and what a human is in flull relations of a waveform that can be used to define the 1/2 way value of the vechicles nose but also of  start fase of a type 3 laews of robotics by using the 1/2 string value here presented and taking it through the motions of  processess: 1,2,3

the computations below follow frrom the usage of a gravity effective closure and opening of a Valve opening and / or closure of the involvant parts; the type Gerard Oneil formulations of the final fronteir of large world type habitats are basically the rotational vales that can be minimalised into the same dynamics provcessess used in the design of a format that by Newtons 3 laws of objects on inclines function in the same way:

Impulse I produced from time t1 to t2 is defined to be

\mathbf{I} = \int_{t_1}^{t_2} \mathbf{F}\, dt

where F is the force applied dt denotes an infinitesimal amount of time.

From Newton’s second law, force is related to momentum p by

\mathbf{F} = \frac{d\mathbf{p}}{dt}.

Therefore

\begin{align}  \mathbf{I} &= \int_{t_1}^{t_2} \frac{d\mathbf{p}}{dt}\, dt \\  &= \int_{t_1}^{t_2} d\mathbf{p} \\  &= \Delta \mathbf{p}, \end{align}

where Δp is the change in momentum from time t1 to t2. This is often called the impulse-momentum theorem.[1]

As a result, an impulse may also be regarded as the change in momentum of an object to which a force is applied. The impulse may be expressed in a simpler form when both the force and the mass are constant:

\mathbf{I} = \mathbf{F}\Delta t = m \Delta \mathbf{v} = \Delta\mathbf{p}

where

F is the constant total net force applied,
Δt is the time interval over which the force is applied,
m is the constant mass of the object,
Δv is the change in velocity produced by the force in the considered time interval, and
v = Δ(mv) is the change in linear momentum.

It is often the case that not just one but both of these two quantities vary.

In the technical sense, impulse is a physical quantity, not an event or force. The term “impulse” is also used to refer to a fast-acting force. This type of impulse is often idealized so that the change in momentum produced by the force happens with no change in time. This sort of change is a step change, and is not physically possible. This is a useful model for computing the effects of ideal collisions (such as in game physics engines).

Impulse has the same units (in the International System of Units, kg·m/s = N·s) and dimensions (MLT−1) as momentum.

Impulse can be calculated using the equation:

\mathbf{F}\Delta t = \Delta\ p
 \Delta\ p can be calculated, if initial and final velocities are known,
\mathbf{F}\Delta t = mv_1 - mv_0

where

F is the constant total net force applied,
t is the time interval over which the force is applied,
m is the constant mass of the object,
v1 is the final velocity of the object at the end of the time interval, and
v0 is the initial velocity of the object when the time interval begins.

 

the computations below follow frrom the usage of a gravity effective closure and opening of a Valve opening and / or closure of the involvant parts; the type Gerard Oneil formulations of the final fronteir of large world type habitats are basically the rotational vales that can be minimalised into the same dynamics provcessess used in the design of a format that by Newtons 3 laws of objects on inclines function in the same way:

A rotating spacecraft will produce the feeling of gravity on its inside hull. The rotation drives any object inside the spacecraft toward the hull, thereby giving the appearance of a gravitational pull directed outward. Often referred to as a centrifugal force, the “pull” is actually a manifestation of the objects inside the spacecraft attempting to travel in a straight line due to inertia. The spacecraft’s hull provides the centripetal force required for the objects to travel in a circle (if they continued in a straight line, they would leave the spacecraft’s confines). Thus, the gravity felt by the objects is simply the reaction force of the object on the hull reacting to the centripetal force of the hull on the object, in accordance with Newton’s Third Law.

this type of building set in rotation with a moovable part that allows for the structure to rotate the inclines to define the possibility while in swing , of a function that would moove the object down the incline  or in the opposed incline set as up or down:

From the point of view of people rotating with the habitat, artificial gravity by rotation behaves in some ways similarly to normal gravity but has the following effects:

  • Centrifugal force: Unlike real gravity which pulls towards a center, this pseudo-force that appears in rotating reference frames gives a rotational ‘gravity’ that pushes away from the axis of rotation. Artificial gravity levels vary proportionately with the distance from the centre of rotation. With a small radius of rotation, the amount of gravity felt at one’s head would be significantly different from the amount felt at one’s feet. This could make movement and changing body position awkward. Again, slower rotations or larger rotational radii should not lead to such a problem.

 

the usage of a open incline means that the string connection to the object can displace at radials to the general impulse of the whole incline in swing into the opposite direction; this will proove that the data on a 3 x Force of triangulative functioning could inverse the laws of force into anti matter:

  • The Coriolis effect gives an apparent force that acts on objects that move. This force tends to curve the motion in the opposite sense to the habitat’s spin. Effects produced by the coriolis effect act on the inner ear and can cause dizziness, nausea and disorientation. Experiments have shown that slower rates of rotation reduce the Coriolis forces and its effects. It is generally believed that at 2 rpm or less no adverse effects from the Coriolis forces will occur, at higher rates some people can become accustomed to it and some do not, but at rates above 7 rpm few if any can become accustomed. It is not yet known if very long exposures to high levels of Coriolis forces can increase the likelihood of becoming accustomed. The nausea-inducing effects of Coriolis forces can also be mitigated by restraining movement of the head. Head restraints are perhaps practical for exercising in artificial gravity (an artificial gravity gym), but not for much else.

 

This form of artificial gravity gives additional system issues:

  • Kinetic energy: Spinning up parts or all of the habitat requires energy. This would require a propulsion system and propellant of some kind to spin up (or spin down) or a motor and counterweight of some kind (possibly in the form of another living area) to spin in the opposite direction.
  • extra strength is needed in the structure to avoid it flying apart due to the rotation. However, the amount of structure needed over and above that to hold a breathable atmosphere (10 tonnes force per square metre at 1 atmosphere) is relatively modest for most structures.
  • If parts of the structure are intentionally not spinning, friction and similar torques will cause the rates of spin to converge (as well as causing the otherwise-stationary parts to spin), requiring motors and power to be used to compensate for the losses due to friction.
  • Angular inertia can complicate spacecraft propulsion and altitude control particularly when no counterweight is employed.
Calculations
g = \frac{R(\frac{\pi \times rpm}{30})^2}{9.81}
or
R = \frac{9.81g}{(\frac{\pi \times rpm}{30})^2}
Where:
g = Decimal fraction of Earth gravity
R = Radius from center of rotation in meters
\pi\approx 3.14159
rpm = revolutions per minute

The size and speeds and period of different radii of space station

amount of rotations = 360 / x

as a function of time = radius of object in rotation as a STRING format

= 1/2 wavelength with a accertive force of motion in quantality:

360/x.r.t =0.5 (F.q)

The engineering challenges of creating a rotating spacecraft are comparatively modest to any other proposed approach. Theoretical spacecraft designs using artificial gravity have a great number of variants with intrinsic problems and advantages. To reduce Coriolis forces to livable levels, a rate of spin of 2 rpm or less would be needed. To produce 1g, the radius of rotation would have to be 224 m (735 ft) or greater, which would make for a very large spaceship. To reduce mass, the support along the diameter could consist of nothing but a cable connecting two sections of the spaceship, possibly a habitat module and a counterweight consisting of every other part of the spacecraft. It is not yet known if exposure to high gravity for short periods of time is as beneficial to health as continuous exposure to normal gravity. It is also not known how effective low levels of gravity would be to countering the adverse effects on health of weightlessness. Artificial gravity at 0.1g would require a radius of only 22 m (74 ft). Likewise, at a radius of 10 m, about 10 rpm would be required to produce Earth gravity (at the hips; gravity would be 11% higher at the feet), or 14 rpm to produce 2g. If brief exposure to high gravity can negate the health effects of weightlessness, then a small centrifuge could be used as an exercise area.

research data courtesy of wikipedia